Title screen

[References: 19 tit.]

Geospheric processes are largely initiated and controlled by external influences. The Sun is the main source of energy, and it contributes to those processes directly and as a regulator of some cosmic influences. The forcing effects synchronize the oscillatory processes in the solar system. Specific processes differ in energy. However, they show similar essential signs. Components, which differ in coincidence and non-coincidence of the essential signs, are introduced. Based on a synchronous analysis of the monthly averaged Wolf numbers series and temperatures registered at 818 weather stations in the Northern Hemisphere (1955-2010), we show that the above-introduced components of the series under consideration have extreme properties. The histograms of the primary temperature series coincide with those of their components, except for a range of ± 3°C. The second initial moments of the Wolf numbers correspond to the climate geography and can be divided into two zones, the width and the distance between them are about one third of all possible changes. A synchronicity principle allows performing a decomposition of the original set into subsets containing strongly related elements. The relationship between the synchronization features of geospheric processes initiated by external forcing and the physical and geographical hierarchy allows solving some problems of classification. Some experimental results for the temperature field are presented. The approach has revealed some new properties of the solar-terrestrial relations. No inconsistencies with the known notions of climatic processes have been found.