Index: p. 419-421

High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) has been utilized in numerous installations worldwide since the 1950s, but the recent voltage source converter (VSC) HVDC developments have led to increased interest and the expansion of application areas for HVDC. HVDC converter innovation together with DC circuit breaker demonstrations provide confidence in the feasibility of HVDC super grids, which are perceived as being the most appropriate technology for integration of large-scale offshore renewable sources and strengthening and integration of existing AC grids.This comprehensive reference guides the reader through all HVDC technologies, including line-commutated converter (LCC), two-level VSC and VSC HVDC based on modular multilevel converters (MMCs) for an in-depth understanding of converters, system level design, operating principles and modelling. Written in a tutorial style, the book also describes the key principles of design, control, protection and operation of DC transmission grids, which will be substantially different from the practice with AC transmission grids.This is the first dedicated reference to the latest HVDC technologies and DC grid developments and an essential resource for graduate students and researchers as well as engineers and professionals working on the design, modelling and operation of DC grids and HVDC.