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Multiscale computer simulation approach has been applied to research mechanisms of failure in ceramic nanostructured ceramics under dynamic loading. The obtained experimental and theoretical data indicate quasi-brittle fracture of nanostructured ZrB[2] ceramics under dynamic compression and tension. Damage nucleation and accumulation in quasi brittle nanostructured ceramics were simulated under impact loadings. Fracture of nanostructured ultra-high temperature ceramics under pulse and shock-wave loadings is provided by fast processes of intercrystalline brittle fracture and relatively slow processes of quasi-brittle failure via growth and coalescence of opened microcracks. For nanostructures ZrB[2] ceramics with porosity of 7 %, the compressive strength at strain rate of 1800 s{-1} is equal to 2440±50 MPa, the tensile strength at strain rate of 300 s{-1} is equal to 155±20 MPa.