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In the article are given the results of the study of chemical and microbiological composition of bog water of Western Siberia. Studying bog water chemistry has shown that it is acid or weakly acid (especially in raised and transitional bogs) or nearly neutral (lowland bogs), ultrafresh and fresh with total mineralization varying from 12 to 385 mg/l. Was shown, that the bog water have a high content of dissolved iron and organic matter. The total concentration of Fe in bog water varies from 0.2 to 12.5 (with a mean of 3) mg/l. Total concentration of DOC amount from 11 to 165 mg/l and accounts for 78% of the total mineral matter. An increase in mineralization and pH is accompanied by a decrease of DOC. Concentrations of mineral salts, iron, trace elements and pH increased during upon transition from raised bogs to lowland bogs, which indicates on relationship with the underlying groundwater. The content of organic matter, on the contrary, decreases. It is concluded that the Fe, as well as other elements come from groundwater and expansion plants. The large number of organic matter contributes to the accumulation of Fe in the form of organo-mineral complexes.