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The paper discusses the results of modeling of thermal radio processes for the purpose of non-destructive testing, diagnosis of dynamic states and prediction in dielectrics by sensing electromagnetic self-radiation in microwave hyperspectral mode. Measurement errors when using radiometric methods of testing have been shown. We have found the specifics of reducing measurement error while increasing the dynamics and resolution of radiometric measurements. We have presented a schematic of a new type of hyperspectrometer with higher performance and frequency resolution.