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This work aims to study the effect of electron irradiation and Y2O3 content on the optical and luminescent properties of translucent cubic yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ceramics fabricated by free sintering technique. Commercial nanopowders TZ-8YS and TZ-10YS TOSOH were used for sintering ceramics. It was shown that irradiation leads to the formation of centers of induced absorption, which are deconvoluted by the set of three Gaussian bands with maxima at 2.9, 2.5, and 2.1 eV, respectively. An increase in the Y2O3 content from 8 mol.% to 10 mol.% significantly affect the formation of induced absorption centers. The cathodoluminescence (CL) spectrum can be satisfactorily approximated by the sum of three Gaussian bands (2.8, 2.28 and 2.04 eV). The CL intensity band at 2.8 eV (F+-center) growth when the Y2O3 content leads to an increase.