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Gas hydrates are widespread all over the world. They feature high energy density and are a clean energy source of great potential. The paper considers experimental and theoretical studies on gas hydrates in the following key areas: formation and dissociation, extraction and transportation technologies of natural methane hydrates, and ignition, and combustion. We identified a lack of research in more areas and defined prospects of further development of gas hydrates as a promising strategic resource. One of the immediate problems is that there are no research findings for the effect of sediments and their matrices on hydrate saturation, as well as on gas hydrate formation and dissociation rates. No mathematical models describe the dissociation of gas hydrates under various conditions. There is a lack of research into the renewal and improvement of existing technologies for the easier and cheaper production of gas hydrates and the extraction of natural gas from them. There are no models of gas hydrate ignition taking into account dissociation processes and the self-preservation effect.